For a long time, cherry was traditionally considered a southern culture, which significantly limited the geography of its cultivation.
Breeding by plant breeders relatively adapted to the harsh natural conditions for the culture made it possible to grow sweet cherries in the gardens of the Moscow region. This article provides a detailed overview of the best varieties of sweet cherries for the Moscow region, including self-bearing and colonic species.
Table of contents
Popular varieties of cherries for the Moscow region
Sweet cherry is less winter-hardy and more thermophilic culture than other representatives of the Plum family. Therefore, the basis of its successful cultivation is the right choice of variety. Popular with gardeners of the Moscow region are varieties that have proved their positive characteristic for all the time of cultivation.
Folk Syubarova
This type of sweet cherry has good performance in the suburbs. It has a high survival rate, plasticity to the climatic and soil conditions of the region.
This is a tall tree with a powerful trunk and strong branches that are able to withstand heavy loads of winter precipitation and squally winds. The average yield of 35-50 kg, is stable over many years. Fruits in the second decade of July. Fruits are dark red in color with an average weight of 4.6 g.
Iput
Gardeners fell in love with this type of sweet cherry for the commercial attractiveness of cultivation, which is provided by the ratio of stability and fruiting volume. Features of sweet cherry of this grade - resistance to fungal diseases and winter hardiness, which greatly facilitates the care of the tree.
This is a tree of medium size with a wide pyramidal crown. Fruit ripening earlier - June 15. Fruit weight up to 9 g, color is dark red, almost fully black when fully mature. Productivity 30 kg.
Ovstuzenka
The popularity of this species is based on the special quality of fruits, high yields and compactness of the crown, which allows growing cherries in limited areas. In addition, sweet cherry fruits are distinguished by good transportability and pleasant taste.
Frost resistance of the tree to -31 °, winter resistance is good. Ripening fruits early - June 20. Productivity from 16 to 30 kg. The color of the fruit is red, the pulp is juicy and dense, the mass is 4-7 g. The tree is resistant to moniliasis and coccomycosis.
Fatezh
This cherry owes its popularity to high yields. With a combination of favorable factors from one tree can collect up to 50 kg of fruit. The appearance of the fruit is also different, on a red background you can see yellow spots on the sides. Fruits are sweet with a slight acidity with an average weight of 4.2 g.
This is a medium hardwood tree with a spherical and drooping crown. Winter hardiness is above average, disease resistance is good.
The popularity of these species in the Moscow region is based on adaptation to regional climatic conditions, plasticity to the peculiarities of the winter season and rapid survival.
Growing winter hardy varieties
Winter hardiness of the tree - the ability to endure the adverse conditions of the winter season. These are effects of thaw, drenching, ice crust and decay. Winter hardiness of a certain sweet cherry is due to the individual organization of the organism and adaptation to the conditions of life in winter conditions with slower metabolism and dehydration.
To assess the winter hardiness of fruit trees, a seven-point scale is used, where trees with 6-7 points are classified as winter-hardy.
The climatic features of the Moscow region from the middle of the last century have undergone some changes. Winter comes later, temperatures are lowered compared to the average, there are frequent thaws. This is connected not only with natural disasters, but also with the activities of the metropolis. In general, the conditions for growing sweet cherry are favorable.
Varieties with good winter hardiness:
- Fatezh,
- Valery Chkalov,
- Raditz;
- Ovstuzhenka;
- Chermashna;
- Victory;
- Bryansk pink;
- Tyutchevka;
- Revne;
- People Syubarova.
After studying the economic and biological signs, the best winter-hardiness indicators were noted among the Fatezh and Chermashnaya varieties. In terms of precocity, quality and volume of the harvest, Victory was the best.
Overview and planting varieties of cherries maturing
Laying the orchard or picking up a new tree for the neighborhood with existing crops, it is important to pay attention to the time of ripening of the fruit. This will help to increase the period of fresh consumption of the crop and rationally distribute the flow of fruit to storage orblanks.
Early
Cherry ripening occurs in the third decade of June.
Main varieties:
- Raditsa
- Ariadne,
- Go
- Screaming
- Motherland
- Early pink.
The earliest ripening of fruits is the variety “Iput” - June 15. In addition, this variety has the best indicators in terms of yield, the average indicator is 30 kg. Also, the variety has high rates of winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases. The most delicious and high-quality fruits of the variety "Rodina", almost similar to the southern varieties.
Growing mid-season varieties
Fruit ripening in the Moscow region begins in mid-July.
Recommended varieties:
- Jealous,
- Fatezh,
- Ovstuzenka,
- Veda
- Raditsa
- Oryol pink,
- Tyutchevka,
- Rechitsa.
These types of cherries have passed the practical test in the climatic and soil conditions of the Moscow region. The varieties "Fatezh", "Revna", "Tyutchevka", "Ovstuzhenka" have the best winter hardiness. The variety "Raditsa" has a compact crown and is convenient for growing in small areas.
Late maturity varieties harvested in autumn
The fruits ripen in early August.
Main types:
- Bryansk Pink,
- Red dense
- Leningrad black.
The best signs are distinguished by the Bryansk Rose, which was tested in the Michurinsky garden. He proved resistance to fungal diseases, winter hardiness and cold resistance. The yield of 20-30 kg, the quality of the fruit is high.
Good types of sweet cherry with yellow fruits
Red shades of sweet cherry fruit are attractive to birds, especially for rowan thrushes, which are able to destroy the entire crop in a few hours. Most often suffer from damage of early cherries ripening cherries, therefore it is recommended to cover them with a grid. The yellow color of the fruit does not attract birds, and the crop is fully preserved.
In addition, with heavy and prolonged rains, red fruits crack and lose commercial quality. Yellow fruits have a more plastic shell, so they are slightly damaged.
Main varieties:
- Backyard yellow,
- Chermashnaya,
- Drogana is yellow,
- Red dense.
The highest degree of adaptability to the climatic conditions of the Moscow region is the variety “Drogana yellow”. This is the most fruitful variety of all represented in this category, which has been stable for 25 years.
For winter hardiness, the best performance is for the Chermashnaya variety. The remaining varieties have an average winter hardiness and require more thorough preparation for the winter period.
The disadvantages of sweet cherry with yellow fruits: low transportability, frequent defeat by a cherry fly.
Bookmark fruit garden is always accompanied by a painful choice of varieties or a particular culture. Cultivation of cherries favorably differs from crops close to her by high yield and resistance to many diseases.
Despite the appearance of zoned species, the longevity and health of the fruit tree depends entirely on the gardener. And it is necessary to lay the foundation for this when choosing a variety.
And at the end of a small video on how to plant a sweet cherry, as well as care for a tree in spring and autumn: