It is considered to be a grape plant that grows exclusively in southern countries. This opinion is erroneous and irrelevant for today. Thanks to domestic and foreign breeders, the range of varieties is periodically updated with new developments, adapted to different climatic conditions, information on which is presented below.
Table of contents
Growing grapes in different regions of Russia
The territory of Russia is vast, so the climate in the regions may vary significantly. In many parts of the country such crops as grapes are successfully grown. In addition, the vine is unpretentious to the soil, with the exception of only saline and wetlands. Before planting the seedling soil is fertilized with organic matter. Enrich the soil enough 1 once a year. When choosing a place, it is worth considering that the life cycle of the plant is approximately 25-30 years, therefore, 1.5 m indent from the walls of the fence and buildings should be done. The best landing time is considered to be autumn, namely, the month of September. But the timing may vary depending on the climatic characteristics of the regions.
In order to consistently harvest a good crop from a vine, you need to choose varieties recommended for cultivation in certain conditions.
Krasnodar region
The climatic conditions of the Krasnodar Territory for grapes are considered ideal, so the best varieties are grown in this area. The ratio of warm days per year, average rainfall and sunlight make a good bookmark for stable fruiting vineyards.
The main grape production is concentrated in the Anapo-Taman zone. The crop is distributed to other industries for processing and to markets for fresh consumption. The harvest time begins in the third decade of July and lasts until mid-October.
It is impossible to list all the varieties grown on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory, as the vineyards are constantly replenished with new developments of breeders. The most popular are the following types of culture:
Madeleine Anguswin
A vigorous plant of early aging. Harvesting begins in mid-August. Productivity depends on the quality of pollination, the best pollinator is Shasla, so both crops are planted next door. The average bunch weight reaches 180-200 gr. The berries contain 15% sugar and 6.7% acid.
Pearls Saba
Berries ripen in late July - early August. Productivity is high (over 8 kg from a bush), abundantly fruited stepchildren. After planting chubukov plant fructifies for 2-3 years. The ratio of sugar content (16%) and acidity (7.3%) is close to the ideal value. Possesses strong immunity, resists fungal diseases. Due to the shortage of planting material, propagation by grafting is practiced.
Shasla white
Is one of the main, which is massively grown in the Krasnodar region. The plant early enters the phase of fruiting (already on 2year) the bush is formed of medium size, strong immunity, which can be traced in resistance to fungal diseases. The berry has a high taste (sugar 15%, acid 6.7%) and good transportability.
Chaush
Early ripe variety, found throughout the region, but in small quantities. The harvest is ready for harvest in the third decade of August. Large clusters are abundantly formed on tall bushes; their weight reaches 420-500 gram. Productivity depends on the quality of pollination, the best pollinator is Shasla, so both crops are planted in close proximity.Indicators of sugar content - 14%, acidity - 6%.
Muscat Hungarian
In the phase of fruiting plant enters the 3rd year after planting seedlings. Bushes Muscat sredneroslye with actively developing vines. Honey taste of berries indicates a high sugar content (more than 20%), with a relatively low acidity (6.5%). A bunch of medium sized veils to 160-170 gram. It is intended for the use of fresh berries and for processing into juices.
Senso
The plant is originally from France, has a high yield. With the bush removed more 7 kg of berries Grapes reach ripeness in the second half of September. Berries of large size, dark blue color with a characteristic wax coating. Taste harmoniously combines sugar content (18.3%) and acid (7%). The average size of the cluster is 232 grams.
Crimea
No less varied menu of grapes grown on the peninsula. The total number of species is close to a hundred. Favorable climatic conditions and soil fertility contribute to high yields. The lack of precipitation is compensated by the arrangement of vineyards with a drip irrigation system. When planting plants apply the scheme: 3x1.5 m The largest plantations are located in the foothill zone (Bakhchisaray district), steppe (near Simferopol), as well as in the suburbs of Yalta, Alushta, Sudak.
Among the crops are the following:
Agadai
The table variety comes from Dagestan, differs in late maturity. Harvesting begins no earlier. 20's September numbers. The plant develops normally on soils with a high salt content. In addition to fresh consumption, the crop is used for canning and making juices.
Albilo Crimean
The plant is of average maturity native to Spain. Grown for winemaking. Yield is 7-9 kg from a bush. Berry contains sugar 14%, acid 6.7%.
Italy
Large grapes collected in loose clusters, whose average weight reaches 450 gram. Yellow-amber berries have a pleasant taste with a pronounced nutmeg note.
Cardinal
Berries ripen by the end of August. The bunch is formed loose with lots of grapes, average weight is 250-350 gram. The taste is not cloying, although sugar contains not less than 16-17%. Differs in resistance to fungal diseases and good transportability.
Citron Magaracha
Early-stage wine variety. The quality of taste and presentation makes the berry edible and fresh. The weight of a brush of a cylindrical form reaches 400 gr. Sugar content is high (23%) with acidity of 5-7%.
Sabbat
The culture is grown for fresh consumption and the manufacture of wine material. White berries ripen in late September - early October. Large clusters of veils to 280 gr. Even after being stored in the refrigerator for 5 months, the grapes do not lose taste and commodity qualities.
Astrakhan region
A promising area for growing grapes is the Astrakhan region. This contributes to the hot climate and the presence of Baer mounds. Deep occurrence of groundwater leaves more chances for plants to tolerate winter frosts.
Over the entire period of the existence of viticulture on an industrial scale, more than 300 varieties have passedtests on Baer hillocks. The highest results were observed in the cultivation of the following varieties.
Codrean (white)
The plant is a mid-term aging with a growing season of 130-140 days. The berries are greenish-yellow in a round-oval shape, the weight of one reaches 10-12 grams. Medium brush weight - 600-800 group but there are also giants weighing 1.2 kg. Shrub easily tolerate frost down to -23 °. Codrius is resistant to mildew and gray rot.
Delight
Early, with a growing season of 110-120 days. It has high resistance to fungal diseases and mildew. Cold resistance (up to -25 °) allows you to transfer harsh winters under cover. Grape yield Delight is over 9 kg from a bush.
Kishmish radiant
Pink grapes of the middle early ripening period (vegetation 115-125 days). Advantages: high palatability, commercial value, long shelf life. Medium cluster weight reaches 250-450 gr. The sugar content - 17-21%, acidity - 6-7%.
Moscow
The plant of early term of maturing, differs in the unusual flavoring qualities filled with nutmeg and pineapple aromas. The culture is resistant to low temperatures, fungal diseases. The cluster is small, weight does not exceed 150 gram.
Vologodskaya Oblast
The climatic conditions of this region cannot be called ideal, but even there it is possible to grow grapes. Industrialists use frost resistant varieties. In addition, they are covered with a special material for wintering. Private gardeners prilovchilis planted cuttings in the greenhouse. Among the recommended for the middle band:
- Laura - large green grapes have a pleasant taste, the bushes easily tolerate winter;
- Shun - large-sized dark pink fruits ripen by the end of August, the plant is resistant to diseases;
- Nadezhda Aksayskaya - ripens at the end of August, the taste and appearance of the berry is similar to the variety Arkady;
- Victoria - beautiful large clusters with sweet berries, has a high yield (at least 7 kg from a bush);
- Phenomenon - ripens in mid-August, medium-sized berries taste very sweet .;
- Gala - very large fruits, formed into a loose cluster, are being tested in the region;
- Cherry - A plant of early term of ripening, fruits of the average sizes of pink color with high content of sugar.
-
- Shun
-
- Victoria
-
- Cherry
-
- Gala
-
- Laura
-
- Nadezhda Aksayskaya
-
- Phenomenon
Primorsky Krai
The weather conditions of the region do not allow growing any grape varieties; therefore, special selection ones are selected that have frost resistance. Among other things for the winter, the bushes are covered with a special material to prevent freezing.
Adele
Designed for growing under cover. Medium brush weight reaches 600 gr. The berries are medium in size, dark blue. The peculiarity of the variety is in long-term storage, the grapes retain their presentation until the New Year holidays.
Far Eastern Novikova
Variety of universal purpose of early ripening. Withstands frosts to -28°, but requires shelter for the winter due to the climatic features of the Primorsky Territory. A small cluster weighing up to 250 grams., The berries are dark blue with an unusual but original taste.
Satellite
The plant is early ripe with greenish-yellow grapes, whose weight does not exceed 8 grams. The advantage of the variety is cold resistance (-30°), however, shelter is required for wintering.Fruits contain 16% sugar content and 7-9% acidity.
Pink not covering
Table variety of early aging. The berries are very tasty (sugar 20%), but small. Cluster weight - 150-200 gr. The crop does not lose its presentation for a long period, even on the vine. Under proper conditions, it remains until the New Year holidays.
Rostov region
The climate of the Rostov region is also suitable for growing the best varieties of grape selection. There is enough light, heat and moisture. However, to select the type (covering and not covering), it is necessary to visually divide the area into 2 parts, higher than Kamensk and lower. Ukryvnye species are recommended for landing in the south.
Not everyone is aware of the fact that wines are produced in the region, presenting a real competition to French collectible drinks. Among the popular varieties:
- Valentine;
- Autumn black;
- Mascot;
- Arcadia;
- Somerset Sidliss et al.
-
- Valentine Grapes
-
- Grade Arkady
-
- Grapes Somerset Sidliss
-
- Grape Talisman
Every year, the owners of vineyards practice updating the range of varieties using proven grape varieties and the latest developments. New approach and application of innovative technologies allows you to increase the profitability of agricultural enterprises, bringing their achievements to the world level.