When arranging the plot, a separate zone, well lit by the sun, is allocated to the vineyard. The owners have a difficult task - the choice of varieties that are available in agricultural equipment and have an unsurpassed taste. This article discusses the best varieties of grapes, divided for convenience of perception into separate categories. We will talk about the names, tell you what are and what characteristics have.
Table of contents
Names of the best early grapes
Growing early grape varieties is beneficial from an economic point of view. In addition, intensive aging reduces the risk of hives damage by various diseases or insects. The growing season lasts an average of 95-115 days. Clusters are highly valued due to taste and appearance of goods, as the defeat to rot is rarely observed.
Velez
Velez has a beautiful bunch with pink berries up to 2 kg, and in some cases up to 3 kg. Grapes have a pronounced nutmeg aroma.
Shrubs are highly tall. The plant tolerates frosts down to minus 21 °. Veles has a good resistance to diseases, scored above average.
Adler
White grape, which has the peculiarity of being well preserved for a month after ripening without losing taste and aroma. Cylindrical clusters curtain on average up to 550-700 grams. Bushes have great growth power with a powerful vine.
Jupiter
Jupiter has cylindrical clusters with friability. Fruits of reddish or purple color are oval in shape, weight is 4-6 grams., Muscat light aroma. The vine is medium tall, the plant resistance to disease is excellent. Grapes tolerate low temperatures to minus 27 °.
What are the wine varieties
Technical (wine) grape varieties are most often characterized by vigorous shrubs, small or medium-sized clusters and low yields. However, the taste of the berries differ in many-sided notes and interesting aroma.
Muscat
Muscat average maturity with a growing season of 125-140 days. The color of the berries is yellow with an amber tint. The brush curls up to 150 grams, but there are specimens up to 450 grams.
Fruits are very sweet, juicy with a skin of medium density. Productivity depends on climatic features, ranges from 60 to 100 kg / ha.The culture is poorly resistant to typical grape diseases, especially with high humidity or prolonged precipitation.
Chardonnay
The grapes have an average ripening period, the growing season lasts 135-140 days. The brush is characterized by a cylindric conical shape, friability and medium density, the weight barely reaches 100 grams. The berry is green in color with a yellow tinge, the skin is thin, the taste is sweet with a pleasant aroma.. Chardonnay grows well on different types of soil, but the best results are observed on stony and clay-limestone soils. Resistance to fungal diseases is low.
Sauvignon
Sauvignon - French technical grape variety with a growing season of 130-135 days. Shrubs have intense growth, densely leafy. The cylindrical cluster is very dense, by weight reaches 75-120 grams.
Rounded berries are colored in yellow-green color, and under the influence of direct sunlight they get a slightly yellow shade. It is tolerant to mildew, but possesses weak resistance to oidium and gray rot. When overmoistening the soil, the plant drops inflorescences.
The best frost-resistant varieties
The grapes of this category has an average growth of the vine. Most of the cold-resistant representatives are technical varieties, but the berries can also be used for fresh consumption. The peculiarity of the taste of the berries is the high content of acidity and low astringency. Some offspring of breeders are able to withstand forty-degree frosts without special shelter.
Lady fingers
Sort Lady fingers - high quality table grapes. The growing season lasts 150-155 days, the vine is formed intensively. Narrow-conical clusters of large sizes with yellowish-green elongated berries, weight reaches 600-900 grams.
The flesh perfectly combines sugar content and refreshing sourness. Feature of the culture: weak resistance to diseases and pests, a long transition to fruiting in seedlings (clusters are formed only in the 5th year after planting).
Aleshenkin
Fruits ripen early (120 days after the formation of the kidneys). Clusters are large, curtain on average 1-2.7 kg. Oval berries of amber color, very sweet and juicy. Feature Aleshenkin varieties It is considered the absence of seeds in half of the ripe fruit. The vine develops intensively, grape sleeves bear fruit for 6-7 years.
Lydia
Berry ripening time lidia falls on the beginning of the autumn period. Fruit pulp is fragrant, very juicy. Ripe clusters have a characteristic pink color. The brush is loose, but reaches a large size, the average weight is 120-250 grams. The plant has a strong immunity, which is manifested in high resistance to typical diseases.
The best large grades
Grapes with large fruits require reverent care attention. It is especially important to follow the rules of agricultural engineering in order to prevent the cracking of berries. The most popular in this category are the following varieties.
Transfiguration
Table Grape Transfiguration with a maturity of 110-125 days. The weight of the loose-brush structure is 1.5 kg, but individual specimens curl up to 2.8 kg.
A bush high with a strong root system and a vine. Berries large-fruited, elongated oval pink.
Lily of the valley
Maturity varieties lily of the valley - 125-135 days. The weight of the brush reaches 1.5 kg. The berries are oval, painted in amber color. There is a high resistance of the plant to diseases and pests, frost resistance to minus 21 °, long-term storage of the crop.
Century
Kishmish grade century with a period of aging 125-135 days. The clusters have a conical shape, the fruits are colored yellow-green, the weight of the brush is 800-1300 grams. Features of culture: exquisite taste with a light touch of nutmeg, high yield, frost resistance up to minus 23 ° and good resistance to diseases.
Jupiter
Kishmish variety mid-early maturation. The average brush weight is 250 g., The berries are large (up to 6 g.), Painted in red or purple. The peculiarity of the variety is strong immunity and long shelf life.
The best black varieties
The berries of black varieties contain large amounts of iron, selenium and zinc, which are of real value to the human body.Modern breeders spend a lot of time developing new dark hybrids with enhanced resistance to typical diseases and difficult climatic conditions.
Cadre
Culture coding It ripens early, it is characterized by high commodity and taste qualities, it is rightfully considered one of the best dark grape varieties. However, the plant requires reverent care, otherwise the berries will begin to shrink. Also a disadvantage is vulnerability to wasps, which spoil the presentation of the fruit.
Kishmish Moldavian
Young runaway begins to bear fruit in the third year. Shrubs sredneroslye with large tassels, reaching a mass of 190-250 grams. The growing season lasts 150-160 days. Features of the variety: high yield, high sugar content, long shelf life.
Delight black
Very large clusters with round grapes adorn a strong-growing shrub. The vegetation period of the plant is 115-125 days. The variety is resistant to mildew and oidium, but is affected by gray rot. Maintains frosts to minus 25 °.
Athos
The hybrid was obtained by crossing Codreanki and Talisman - favorites of varieties of different categories. Clusters have compact parameters, density is average. Berries are characterized by excellent taste, which harmoniously combines the sugar content and acid. The plant shows resistance to typical diseases and pests.
Kuban
Luxurious clusters with rounded large berries of dark purple color provide real aesthetic pleasure. Grapes have a low resistance to disease and requires shelter for the winter period.
The best green varieties
Light grapes are heat-loving. Berries contain no fewer nutrients than intensely colored fruits (with the exception of antioxidants). Due to its usefulness and universal application, many growers wish to acquire a handle of this category. Among the most popular technical varieties are the following:
- Chardonnay;
- White Muscat;
- Riesling;
- Aligote
Popular dining varieties:
- Lady fingers;
- Shasloy white;
- Kishmish oval.
The most productive varieties
Fruit varieties of grapes include table varieties. The bush has at least 70% of fruitful shoots, and the replacement buds are predominantly productive. Plants in this category are not distinguished by high resistance to frost, but tolerable heat is tolerated.
Matyash Janos
Technical ripeness comes after 135 days. Clusters of medium size, weight is 160-250 grams. The berry of dark blue color harmoniously combines sugar content and acid. The plant is susceptible to mildew and gray rot, often affected by the worm, and therefore prevention is required.
Khalili black
Black grapes of early ripening (105-115 days). There is a strong growth of the bush and the intensive development of the vine. A bunch of conical shape curls up to 350-500 grams. Oval berries on the brush tight to each other. The culture is susceptible to mildew and oidium, poorly tolerates frosts, requiring special shelter.
Cardinal
Plant cardinal mid-term aging. Berry is painted in dark blue color, large sizes. The mass of the brush reaches 360-580 gr. The potential of the crop is characterized by high yield, but it is unstable, since climatic features and weather disasters have a great effect on the growing season.There is also a weak resistance to typical diseases and pest attacks.
A variety of varieties and characteristics of each species allows you to choose a plant that is most adapted to certain climatic conditions. And the taste of the best representatives of their groups will satisfy the needs of any gourmet.