Detailed description of the apple variety Grushivka

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Pear is an old variety of apples, which is obtained by natural evolution. Apple trees of this grade have value among summer residents and gardeners of fans for excellent properties of apples, for frost resistance and high productivity.

Apple trees of the Grushivka variety are distributed in all regions of the Russian Federation. But if you plan to plant seedlings, it is worth exploring the characteristics of this variety of fruit crops.

Description varieties of apples Pear

Breeding history

Variety Grushivka - a variety of apple trees, which appeared by natural breeding, that is, naturally. This variety is one of the oldest, more than 200 years old. Even in ancient Russia there are mentions of these apples. In 1797, the apple tree Grushovka was described in detail by the famous scientist A.T. Bolotov in scientific work.

On the basis of the pears, other varieties of apple trees were obtained by crossing - the early pear, the winter pear, and the Moscow pear.

Apple tree description

Trees varieties Grushovka have the following characteristics:

• Large in size. The height of the tree is 6-7 meters;
• Crohn, branched with a round view, young trees have a pyramidal crown;
• Apple trees Pear is an erect plant with a sympodial branch type, branches without thorns;
• Bark branches has a yellowish-orange color;
• Vegetative type shoots have reddish-brown bark;
• The shoots of the generative type or annuli are located in large numbers, their coloring is much darker than the main branches;
• The leaves are arranged on long petioles, the shape in the form of an ellipse.;
• By color, leaf blades have a green or yellowish-green tint;
• The leaves of young trees have an edge on the surface, in adults there is a rare fluff on the leaves or their surface is smooth;
• In the period of flowering there are flowers with pink petals, after a while they change the shade to light pink or white.

Fruit Description

At the time of fruiting, fruit trees that have the following characteristics appear on the trees of the Grushovka variety apple trees:

1. Ripe small apples. The weight of one fruit at the time of maturation ranges from 60 to 80 grams. The maximum weight is from 100 to 120 grams;
2. The fruits have a round shape with a flat structure;
3. The surface of the apples is greenish-yellow with a large number of stripes and inclusions with red or pink color;
4. The peel has a fine structure with a smooth surface. On top there is a coating with natural wax;
5. The fruits have soft pulp with high juiciness, which has a bright and pleasant aroma.

Growing region

Apple trees Grushovka grow in all regions of Russia.They are widely distributed in the following regions:

1. All regions included in the European part of the territory of Russia;
2. The Urals;
3. Western regions;
4. East Siberia.

In addition, the variety grows in other CIS countries - in Belarus and in Ukraine.

Productivity and storage of Moscow and winter varieties

Pear is an early variety. The period of ripening crop comes in late July, early August. Apple trees can live up to 50-60 years. The period of fruiting begins from 4 years after planting. The yield in the first year of fruiting reaches 10 kilograms, and if the tree is 15 years old, the yield level reaches 80-100 kilograms from one tree.

Fruit picking starts in early August.. The shelf life of the crop is 2-3 weeks.  

Pollinators

Variety Grushovka samobleplodny, for fruit ovary pollinate from other varieties is necessary.For pollination of this variety, you can use pollinators such as Antonovka, Papirovka, Anis Striped, Kornichnoe, Belfleur-Kitaika.

Advantages and disadvantages

Variety Grushivka has a number of advantages, of which it is worth highlighting the main ones:

• Trees have high frost resistance and can withstand freezing to temperatures below 50 degrees Celsius;
• Long life expectancy up to 50-60 years;
• Possess early fruiting;
• The rapid emergence of mature fruits;
• High yield;
• A high level of useful ingredients in apples;
• You can make compotes, jams, preserves, juices, jam from apples.

In addition to the advantages, there are also negative sides:

1. Trees are prone to diseases, the effects of pests;
2. High susceptibility to weather conditions;
3. Not regular fruiting;
4. It has an uneven ripening of fruits. On one tree, some fruits fully ripen and crumble, while others remain green;
5. Small shelf life. Harvest maximum will lie 2-3 weeks;
6. Not intended for transportation.

Photo of ripe apples

Below are the varieties of apples varieties Grushovka:

Landing rules

Suitable basis for growing - loamy, sandy and sod.

Rules for planting seedlings:

• Holes should be done with steep slopes. The width of the holes should be 100 cm and a depth of 60 cm;
• 4 days before planting, fertilizer should be placed in the pits. In each pit you need to fill 25 kilograms of humus;
• In the dug hole should be made for deepening the branched roots of young trees;
• Landing should be done with pegsand to which planted seedlings are tied up;
• Pegs should be driven from the north side;
• After planting the tree immediately watered. For one seedling it takes about 30 liters of water;
• After watering, the wells are mulched with humus and compost.

Care rules

Care instructions:

1. For the good development of the tree at the time of the first flowering 85% of flowers are cut off, 50% of fruits in a green state;
2. Apple trees Grushivka do not tolerate severe drought, therefore, they must be watered at least 2-3 times a week.A complete cessation of watering should be done in late August, early September, so that the tree can prepare for wintering;
   Fertilizing tree is required in the second season. In the first year of his life, you can loosen and constantly water.
3. In the spring, to fertilize trees in the ground you need to fall asleep rotten horse manure or humus. At 1 square meter 8-12 pounds. 400-600 grams of urea are used for mineral fertilizers;
4. In the autumn period, trees should be fertilized with complex-type fertilizer mixtures. "Kemira autumn". On 1 square. meter will need 30-40 grams;
5. In the autumn, to improve the winter hardiness of the tree, mulching with horse manure is carried out, the layer thickness should be 5 cm;
6. To make the trunk straight and formed, they trim the tree a year after disembarkation. During pruning cut the top branches to the third part. The barrel is shortened by 30-40 cm. Further trimming is done as needed.

Recommendations for whitewashing:

• Before starting whitewash, all cracks and various holes in the bark of the tree should be covered with garden pitch;
• For whitewashing you need to prepare a solution, which should consist of 2 kilograms of quicklime, 6 liters of water and 1 kilogram of greasy clay. All components are mixed, add a little skimmed milk to whitewash adhere better to the tree;
• Whitewashing of trees should be done in November, after the end of the autumn rain showers%
• The surface of a trunk and fork which is the basis of large branches is whitened.

Pest Protection

In order to avoid the defeat of apple trees with a scab, every year during the autumn period it is necessary to completely clear the garden of old foliage, carrion. Be sure to perekapal the entire surface of the wheel circleand also to treat all wounds with special means, for example garden pitch.

If the trees already have lesions from scab, then they need to be treated with Bordeaux mixture of 1-3% solution. When preparing this mixture, it is necessary to mix the solution of copper sulfate and lime.

During the cooking of the 1-st solution, in 10 liters of water, 100 grams of copper sulphate and 120 grams of quicklime should be poured. Pre-copper sulphate must be diluted in 1 liter of boiling water. Then slowly pour 5 liters of cold water into this mixture.

Lime also needs to be diluted in 1 liter of boiling water. Then 5 liters of cold water is poured into this solution. Both solutions are individually filtered through gauze material. Next, a solution of copper sulphate is poured into the lime solution. Everything is mixed up. Trees need to be treated with this mixture on both sides.

Other means will help to get rid of scab injuries. The most effective are considered "Strobe" and "Scor." Means "Strobe" apple need to be processed in early spring, and "fast" in the autumn. Both drugs are diluted the same way - 1 ampoule in 10 liters of water.

Gardeners reviews

Olga: “In my garden, the apple tree of the Grushovka variety has been growing for a long time. This variety is early. I collect ripe fruit in early August. Despite the fact that the apples have a small size, they taste excellent. When fully ripe, they become green silt and yellow in color with a large number of inclusions of red or pink. The structure of the pulp is white.However, they are not stored for too long. ”

Helena: “I have a few Grushovka apple varieties growing on my plot. They are about 15 years old. I get a big harvest, I collect up to 3 bags of apples from each tree. The ripening period begins in early August. Ripe apples have excellent taste and high juiciness. However, only the shelf life is not large, only 3 weeks. ”

Alexander: “In our garden, there is only one apple tree of the Grushivka variety. He is almost 20 years old. The ripening period is quite early. We already rip ripe apples at the beginning of August. The color of ripe fruit is light green with a lot of red blotches. They taste great - juicy, sweet and aromatic. ”

The apple tree of the Grushevka variety is an old variety that has a high value. The trees take root in the region with any climate, and also endure severe frosts. And ripe apples have excellent taste and healthy qualities. However, almost every year you can get a high level of harvest.