Rowan ordinary loved by Russian gardeners. In the old days, it was planted near houses to protect the household from the evil eye. This tall, beautiful tree retains its decorative effect in all seasons of the year. It is not only decorative, but has healing properties, as well as rowan berries are used to make pastilles, jams, jams, liqueurs and tinctures. A detailed description of the characteristics of this variety of mountain ash can be found below.
Table of contents
Description of ordinary mountain ash
Rowan - tree height from 5 m and above. Sometimes it can reach heights of up to 20 m. In an adult tree, a crown is 6 m wide. It has a perfectly even trunk. Therefore, rowan wood is very often used in joinery.. The trunk and branches are smooth, grayish shade.
Beautiful leaves of mountain ash are oblong and have an elongated shape. Single-pinnate, alternate. Thanks to the leaves, rowan is so popular in landscape design.
Enters fructification for 5-7 year after landing. Stable yields from 30 years of age. Abundantly fruits every 3 years. It blooms in late May, early June. Berries appear in September. When ripe, they are red or black. The color of the berries depends on the variety of mountain ash.. Berries are round, usually with bitterness. There are varieties of mountain ash with a sweet taste. Despite the fact that they are inferior in taste to other berries, they are useful. Due to its beneficial properties, it has been successfully used in traditional medicine.
How to grow a tree and get fruit
Landing
Rowan grows and develops on any soil, so to grow a tree will not be difficult. It is better if the soil is wet, but not swampy.Does not like sour soil, so before planting you need to proizvodkovkovat.
Suitable for planting 2-3 summer seedlings. The best season for landing - It is the middle of autumn in warm areas. In the cold mid-September. Possible landing in the spring.
For landing you will need:
- Shovel.
- Peg.
- Watering bucket.
- Twine.
Land for landing to prepare in advance. Dig and clear of weeds. If planting several trees, the distance between them is 4-5 m.
Dig a hole 80 cm deep and 50 cm wide. If the seedling has a strong root system, then the planting hole should be larger. Such that the roots fit freely in it.
In the ground, which was removed when digging the hole, add:
- Superphosphate 600 grams.
- Humus 12 kg.
- Potash salt 130 grams.
All components are thoroughly mixed with the ground.
Pour drainage layer at the bottom of the pit. Pebbles or coarse sand are suitable as drainage. On the drainage pour a mound of cooked land. Put a rowan sapling on it. In the center to drive a peg. Straighten the roots and cover with soil. Trample it around the stem. Water abundantly. The soil around the tree mulch humus. Tie it with a string to a peg.
Tree care
- Rowan unpretentious care. He likes abundant watering. Lack of moisture will retard the growth and development of the tree.
- Regular loosening of the soil around the stem. Rowan gives abundant basal growth, which must be removed to avoid shrub. There is no need to leave hemp.
- For the best growth and development of rowan need feeding. Spring need nitrogen fertilizers:
- Korovyak 1 kg.
- Urea 10 grams.
- Ammonium nitrate 15 grams.
The components are diluted in 10 liters of water.
In the autumn make phosphorus-potassium.
- Nitroammofosk 20 grams.
- Tall rowan varieties require forming pruning. In the spring cut dry branches. The cut is made at an angle of 45 degrees.
Picking berries
With the gathering of the fruits of mountain ash should not be tightened. First, it is pecked by birds. Secondly, it becomes tasteless. therefore harvesting occurs at the end of August, beginning of September.
How rowan breeds
Over time, each gardener has a desire to propagate the rowan bush.After all, this decorative tree is not only beautiful, but also useful. Rowan can breed in several ways:
- Seeds.
- Vulnerability.
- Inoculation
- Layering.
Seed propagation
The most popular and simple breeding of mountain ash is seeds. For this method, the collected seeds in order for them to ascend must undergo a stratification of 3-6 months.
To prepare the seeds for plantingtear ripened handful from rowan. Gently rub the berries, and thoroughly wash the seeds with running water. Then pereshat with peat. Place the mixture in a container, and put in a cool place at a temperature of 1 degree.
If there is no basement, put the seed container on the top shelf of the refrigerator. Do not forget to moisturize. After the time the seeds must turn on. Now take the tank with the seeds into the air. Dig in the snow. In the spring to plant seeds in open ground.
To plant seeds, dig a plot. The soil should be loose and fertile. Free it from weeds. Add humus, superphosphate and potash fertilizers.Planting seeds is carried out in the grooves with a distance of 25 cm from each other. The depth of embedding into the soil is 2-3 cm. Fill with light soil (mix humus or peat with the ground).
Thickened shoots will need to thin out. Leave 8 cm between plants.
Further care for plants consists of:
- Loosening.
- Weeding.
- Top dressing.
Overgrown
Reproduction overgrowth is not a difficult method of reproduction. For a good result, you must follow the rules:
- For breeding, the growth is taken 2-3 years of life.
- Carefully separate it from the mother tree.
- Leave the seedlings in place to grow.
- After two years, the grown bush should be transplanted to a permanent place.
Layering
To get good layouts for breeding, used two year old shoots.
Pine bush is needed to pile up. Be sure to fertilize with humus. Shallow the soil shallow. Remove combined grass.
From the adult bush to dig the grooves. Depth 10 cm.In the grooves lay stumps. Strengthen it with forked hooks. In order for the shoots to take root better, make small cuts on the bark. A rowan stalk to tie up to a peg. Two years later, if the cuttings developed a good root system, the stalk is transplanted to a permanent place.
Vulnerability
This breeding method is complex and is used for breeding varietal rowan.
For the stock take seedlings of simple rowan. Since the bark of her plastic, so it is easily separated, and provides a good engraftment.
Eurasian rowing are engaged in early August. The process is the same as apple trees, pears and other fruit trees. The difference is the cultivation of rowan sapling.
Read more about reproduction of fruit trees and plants:
- Correct breeding raspberries
- Breeding methods cherries at home
- 4 breeding methods plums
One year after budding, cut the stock on the thorn. The height will be approximately 28 cm. On it remove all the kidneys. An escape that grew from a grafted kidney must be tied to a thorn.
A year later, begin to form the crown. The top part of a sapling is removed. Where the kidneys are close together.The cut is made at an acute angle to the trunk.
For planting in parks and alleys a tree is formed high, for gardens the crown is cut so that it is not tall. Usually 3 skeletal branches are laid in the first tier.
Since the mountain ash starts to get up very early in growth, landing should be carried out in the autumn. Fertile, light soils are recommended for planting. Organic, phosphate and potash fertilizers are applied as a top dressing.. The trees are planted according to the 6 * 4 or 6 * 3 m scheme. The holes are prepared with a depth of 60 cm and a width of 80 cm. A layer of drainage is placed at the bottom of 10-15 cm. A pair of humus buckets is placed on it. As well as superphosphate 250 grams, potash salt in the amount of 100. Top cover with soil and plant seedlings.
Seedlings during the growing season are watered regularly. Weed. So that the earth does not dry out under them, the near-stem circle mulches with peat, humus or straw.
In the autumn you need to whitewash trunks to protect against sunburn in the spring.. So that the young trees do not freeze out, in the winter they need to be tucked to a height of 30 cm.
Fruits for mountain ash are made once in 4 years. When planting it is shortened. In subsequent years, carry out the removal of sick, damaged branches. It is recommended to thin out the crown once in 5 years.. Older trees need rejuvenating pruning. In this case, the main branches are shortened by ⅓ length. After the rejuvenating pruning, be sure to make a top dressing. Organic and mineral fertilizers are applied under the okolostvolny circle of mountain ash.
Rowan for its decorativeness is perhaps the first among the trees. She is beautiful at all times of the year. In winter, it is decorated with red beads of berries. From spring to autumn there is a riot of foliage colors. And the more so because rowan is not only an ornamental tree, but it is also very useful. It is successfully used in folk medicine for diseases. Therefore, it is desirable to plant a beautiful mountain ash in your garden.