Medlar - an evergreen tropical plant. The whole trunk is wrapped in dark gray bark. The leaves are large and glossy on the surface.
During flowering, the plant appears white fragrant flowers. For fruits characteristic spherical or pear shape and the presence of thin skin. The taste of ripe fruit is sour.
Is it possible to grow medlar at home in Russia, how to do it, learn from the article.
Table of contents
Growing medlar in the suburbs and in Ukraine
The homeland of the tropical fruit is Southeast Asia. Grow culture in the Caucasus and Turkey. For breeding plants suitable warm countries, where the temperature does not fall below 0 Celsius.
If you grow a loquat in central Russia, in the Moscow region or in Ukraine, you get a decorative shrub. But observing the agrotechnical recommendations, you get a beautiful tree with delicious fruits.
The presence of useful properties and contraindications
Medlar berries contain a large amount of beneficial vitamins, as well as minerals. Culture has a low calorie.
The fruit contains the following beneficial substances:
- vitamins A, B, C;
- folic and ascorbic acid;
- potassium;
- iodine;
- manganese;
- selenium;
- calcium;
- magnesium.
Dietitians usually prescribe a plant with overweight. If you use a variety in sufficient quantities, the fruit will bring great benefits to the body.
In cooking, medlar prepare jams, compotes, jam, liqueur tinctures.
Who is not recommended eat tropical fruit:
- When detecting ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, exclude the plant from the diet.
- If the pancreas is inflamed, this is a contraindication for eating medlar.
- With increased acidity and pronounced gastritis is not recommended to eat fruit.
Wine and juice to such people will only bring harm, and jams and jams will be beneficial.
Tropical plant may cause an allergic reaction.therefore, for children, the use of culture should be limited or given after consulting a specialist.
Medlar is a Japanese relative of Russian hawthorn ^
Healing properties of leaves and orange berries
Medlar, like other fruits, can bring many benefits to the human body:
- From the decoction of leaves get an excellent hemostatic agent.
- Fruit can be applied for the treatment of urolithiasisto bring out the stones.
- Healing culture acts as first assistant in case of GI disease. After eating pilaf for food, digestion improves. To get rid of bloody diarrhea, it is necessary to prepare a decoction of unripe fruit.
- Asthma and bronchitis will help cure alcohol tincturemade from plants. Due to the use of this tool breathing easier, cough gradually disappears. Tincture can be treated pain in the heart.
- If a infusion of the leaves of the variety gargle, colds will not or disappear for a long time.
If a person has dysfunction of the kidneys, it is recommended to use the medlar to increase their filtration. This fruit contains molecular water, so it is easy for the human body after eating a plant to get rid of toxins.
How to grow a culture at home from the bone
Ordinary plant bones serve as seedlings. Before growing the seed, it is recommended to hold it in the cold for no more than 3-4 months.
Natural conditions make it possible to form sprouts for 2-3 years of life, when the shell is destroyed.
Such treatment allows planting the crop in the fall in the open ground, in spring you can expect the appearance of sprouts. Before you plant a medlar, the seeds must be kept in warm water during the day.
With the help of sawdust, peat or plastic film to mulch the soil. A good option for planting seeds indoors: after the formation of the first shoots of 25-30 centimeters, the plant must be grown in advance and placed in the allotted place.
Proper planting and plant care
Planting seedlings is necessary in the prepared soil.containing the following components:
- leafy ground;
- sand;
- humus.
Digging a hole is recommended before planting, not exceeding the size of the soil coma, calculated on the root system. Seedlings are placed in the holes carefully, without damaging the roots, and then it is necessary to fill it with soil mixture from above.
If the leaves are cut to half, you can reduce the evaporation of moisture. To prevent rotting, as well as prevent the penetration of pathogens, it is recommended to pour wood ash at the cut points.
Care culture:
- in summer, the plant needs abundant watering, preventing the soil from drying out;
- leaf cover does not require constant spraying;
- direct sunlight for the variety is not an obstacle, lighting should be sufficient;
- after harvesting it is necessary to trim the crown;
- excellent soil mixture, taken in equal proportions;
- from April to September it is necessary to conduct dressing;
- every spring, young trees must be replanted; for adult plants, transplantation is done once every 3-4 years.
Artificial pollination is necessary for fruit during flowering.. It is necessary to deal with the formation of the crown, in time to cut dry and damaged branches.
Most gardeners are aware that the culture is prone to disease as well as pest attack. The plant eats aphids and thyroid gland.
Twice a season the shrub needs treatment with insecticides.. Thus, the variety can be protected from damage prevention.
The treatment is carried out by “Fitoverm” - no more than 2 milligrams per 1 liter of water, “Insegar” - use 10 grams of the drug per 10 liters of water, and “Lepidocide” - 10 liters of water dissolve 30 grams of the substance.
Harvesting from a tree and storage
After staining the fruit should not immediately engage in harvesting. During this period, there is excessive astringency in the fruit pulp.
When the fruits begin to grow brown, the tart taste disappears, the plant becomes sweet and suitable for collection and further use.
It is necessary to collect mature fruits carefully without damaging them. Whole fruits will stand for a long time and do not spoil.
For storage of tropical culture, it is necessary to provide a cool place without light., but it is allowed to store the plant at room temperature. Fruits during maturation should not be in contact with each other.
Popular varieties of exotic fruit
To grow a varietal medlar, it is necessary to choose seedlings with the best qualities of the mother plant.
Tanaka - fruits of a large size, painted in yellow-orange color.Usually reach a weight of 50-80 grams. For the fragrant flesh of pink color, the presence of juiciness and tender sweet-sour taste is characteristic.
Champagne - A large-sized culture with slight swelling, the color of the fruit is bright yellow. The flesh has a light cream color, the fruit tastes delicate and pleasant.
Prime minister - The fruits of this variety are distinguished by an orange-yellow shade. This variety with juicy creamy flesh, having a delicate sourish taste.
Celes - The usual weight of a ripe fruit is 80 grams. To taste, the culture resembles apricot.
In addition to high taste qualities, the fruits are stored for a long time, they are not damaged during transportation. Simple agrotechnical recommendations allow you to grow a novice gardener at home.
Without leaving your home after 4-5 years, you can collect a good harvest of exotic fruits.
Frost - it is considered a suitable crop for growing not only indoors or in a greenhouse, but also for a winter garden. Low degree of fragility of wood allows you to set the plant in any form.
For large fruits, full of aroma and lack of astringency, characterized by the presence of large amounts of vitamins. The berries have a red-brown color.
Among the fruit trees in the garden medlar will take pride of place and will delight its owner with tasty fruits for many years.
Beautiful tropical fruit suitable for fresh consumption, as it is rich in useful properties.
Peel is removed from the plant before use.. It is not useful, does not have a pleasant taste properties and it is desirable not to use it.