Shetana - the so-called one of the varieties of sevka, successfully grown in almost any garden. It is popular due to its high yield, excellent taste, excellent preservation during the winter period.. In order to successfully grow this vegetable and get high yields, it is necessary to have the technological features of its cultivation from the moment of planting to the actual harvesting. The description and characteristics of this variety of onions are given below.
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Description and characteristic varieties of onion Shetana
Vegetable is considered to be medium. When using seeds, the vegetation period is up to three months; the use of seed will allow harvesting somewhat earlier. The appearance of the shetana variety is due to Czech breeding specialists.
Onions are distinguished by rounded forms, medium density of pulp. It weighs about forty - fifty grams, if grown from seeds. Sevok allows the bulb to gain weight twice as much. Scales are colored straw yellow.
The taste is semi-sharp, it is recommended to use a variety of dishes and preserves.
The yield level depends on the climatic conditions in which the onions are grown.. Central regions of Russia allow to collect from fifty to sixty centners of vegetables per hectare. Other districts give out two hundred - two hundred and fifty centners.
Winter vegetable, has a good maturity, high keeping quality. If storage is organized according to all requirements, then almost ninety percent of the crop can retain product appearance until the spring season.
Shetana perfectly resists rot Fusariumbut can be affected by peronospora.
Time to land
You can plant this onion variety in spring and autumn. In the first case, sowing is done after the soil has warmed up sufficiently well so that the onions are not subjected to late night frosts. Autumn sowing is considered more efficient; it is performed several weeks before the onset of the first frost.. Planting material has time to take root, does not germinate.
This feature must be considered when choosing a place for landing. Otherwise, growth will slow, taste differences worsen.
Landing features
When choosing a site for sowing onions, it is necessary to consider that the land should be loamy and loose, well lit. With increased acidity, add lime to the soil..
It would be better if the predecessors would be legumes or solanaceous crops. Refrain from planting sevka on the former beds of garlic, asparagus or cucumbers. A good solution would be to place carrots in the neighborhood, which will scare away many harmful parasites with its leafs.
Planting material is moved. For sowing, medium sized onions, even with no visible damage and rotting traces are determined.. They are heated during the day.
Onion seeds must be soaked in heated water, dried. Planted immediately in the ground at the end of April or in early May.
Onion care after planting
For the bow will have to arrange care. The soil must be loosened before the first shoots appear.. This will prevent the appearance of a crust on the surface of the earth, which will accelerate germination. After that, this procedure is performed every two to three weeks. At the same time, weed removal is carried out.
Fertilizer components need to be made before planting and during the entire growing season. At the time of digging beds you need to make organic matter, for which can be used litter chickens, mullein. The first top dressing with organic substances dissolved in water is performed when shoots appear. The second time you need to feed the plants when the height of the foliage reaches fifteen centimeters.It uses a mineral composition that has a lot of nitrogen. Potassium compounds are added at the time of increasing the onion mass.
Watering is carried out twice a month., stop completely three to four weeks before harvest.
Diseases and their prevention
Onion variety resists fusarium rot perfectly, but suffers from peronospora (downy mildew). The disease appears as a gray bloom on the feather and vegetative areas of the plant. At the initial stage, yellowish spots are formed, then spores of a grayish-purple hue appear. The raid is especially noticeable in the morning when dew falls. Such a fungal disease is considered active, strongly manifested in the wet season.
As a preventive measure, the onion is planted on well-lit beds, rows are formed correctly, and the plantings do not have thickened areas. After harvesting, the beds are completely dug up, this place for planting onions is planned in three to four years. At this time on such beds it is recommended to plant:
- cabbage;
- cucumbers;
- pumpkin.
When plants are affected by the fungusIt is necessary to reduce irrigation, not to use nitrogen-containing components for fertilizer, replacing them with potash or phosphorus ones. In addition, spraying is organized, for which Bordeaux one percent liquid or Polycarbacin is used. True, such a treatment will lead to the fact that the feather in food will become unusable, but the bulbs will be saved.
Harvesting and storage rules
Fully ripened crops must be dug and dried in the open air. After that, the bow is sorted and laid in the store. The room should be well ventilated, the temperature of the air in it is fifteen to twenty degrees heat. Observing all the conditions, onions can be maintained until the new harvest.
Onion variety shetana has an excellent yield, can be grown in any part of the country. At the same time he does not mean special skills and hard work. The main condition is the right choice of site, timely removal of weeds.prepared storage space for harvest.