The yield of potatoes depends on the soil and the selected variety. However, it is not enough to fertilize the land. There are various modern technologies that help to significantly increase the yield, improve the taste of potatoes, protect against disease. Consider how to grow a good harvest crop.
Table of contents
Growing potatoes for a good harvest
This culture is popular and loved by all. So when the question arises, how many potatoes will grow in the country, I want this figure to tripled. There are several secrets how to increase yields.
To get a rich harvest, you need follow certain instructions: Prepare the tubers for planting, plant properly and care for the growth of the crop. Given all the nuances you can get a big crop of root vegetables.
When to plant potatoes
When to plant a vegetable depends on the selected variety.
Before the end of April it does not make sense to plant a crop. It simply does not germinate in the cold earth. In the northern part of Russia, it is better to postpone the landing to the middle and end of May.
Selection of planting material
Selection of seeds is carried out according to the following rules:
- potato should not be rotten or cracked;
- Root crops should be even, firm, without growths and defects;
- for planting choose potatoes of different ripening terms. Early varieties are left for summer food; late varieties are left for storage in winter.
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- Bad tuber not suitable for planting
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- Tuber suitable for cultivation
Disinfection of planting material
Can cook home disinfection solution:
- prepare a solution of potassium permanganate 1g, water 10 liters, copper sulfate 1 matchbox;
- germinated tubers should be filled with the prepared solution for half an hour;
- then remove it carefully, so as not to damage the sprouts and leave to dry in the sun.
Potatoes are ready for germination.
Bathing in a nutrient solution
Can be used for planting growth stimulants. Before planting a few days should take germinated tubers process them with one of the drugs:
- Protein - 1 ampoule per 1 liter of water;
- Micon;
- Epin.
Stimulating incision
In order to make a transverse incision, it is necessary to incise the tuber perpendicular to its axis. Uncut remains only a small part, so that the tuber does not fall apart. With the help of the cut, the nutrients are evenly distributed over the eyes, and a strong bush is obtained, giving a high yield.
Ring notch make to a depth of 1 cm so as to gird the tuber notch. In this case, the supply of nutrients comes from the top.
How to prepare seed
To grow a high-quality crop, you need to sort out the seed and remove all rotten, infected with diseases, frostbitten, cracked, soft tubers. For planting it is better to choose medium-sized potatoes 50-70 gr.
Also there are the following methods of preparing seed potatoes before boarding:
- warming the tubers in the oven or in the sun;
- germination in the light before germination;
- disease disinfection using potassium permanganate;
- wetting tubers in fertilizer solution.
How to prepare a plot for landing
Before you grow potatoes in the garden, need preparation.
Correct watering
Potatoes capricious to watering. The lack or excess of moisture can affect the yield. When the seed got into the wet soil, not recommended for 2 weeks to water the garden. In the future, water in the heat under a bush of 2 liters once a week.
Potatoes do not like cold water. Therefore, watering should be slightly lukewarm water.
In the period of the emergence of the formation of tubers should be watered more actively.
Hilling potatoes
Feedings
To get a rich harvest, you need to make additional feeding in the fall, feeding the earth with organic and chemical additives. However, organic matter can not be used if before the earth was strongly attacked by insects or diseases. Contribute additive from humus, superphosphate, potassium sulfate.
Another important procedure is liming. It should be carried out immediately after harvest. To do this, add dolomite flour or ash to the soil.
When planting tubers in the hole, you need to add humus 25kg, ash 2kg, superphosphate 1kg, ammonium nitrate 0.5kg per hundred.
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- Superphosphate
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- Potassium sulfate
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- Ammonium nitrate
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- Wood ash
Harvesting and storage
Harvest time depends on the selected potato varieties and the timing of its ripening. Harvest should be properly maintained. The most important thing is that the vegetable does not start to sprout.Therefore, the following spaces are chosen for storage:
- cellar. An important role is played by airing the room to remove excess moisture;
- on the balcony or in the pantry. The main thing that t storage was not higher than + 10C.
It is recommended to store the fruit in wooden boxes. Before storage, you need to sort the potatoes and throw away all the damaged and sick fruit. It is also important that direct sunlight does not fall into the storage room.
How to deal with pests
Pests that most often attack a plant: Colorado potato beetle, wireworm, bugs. Insect control is carried out with the help of chemical solutions that can be bought in the Garden / Kitchen Garden stores.
Principles of planting potatoes
The most important principle is to create favorable conditions for growth and nutrition planting material and save it from diseases and pests. Also, the vegetable needs: sun, air, moisture, fertilizer. In addition, there are several secrets of how to grow a rich harvest on their own.
How to plant potatoes in the country
In order to get a rich harvest in a small area, you need to thoroughly approach the choice of potato varieties.One of the productive varieties intended for a small territory is considered to be the “Effect” variety.
It is also important to observe the rules of landing. The following methods are suitable for a small area.
Under the trench
Way good for the area where the soil is sandy and prone to drying out. In the autumn, trenches should be dug 30 cm deep at a distance of 1 meter. In the trench should lay out a layer of hay 15 cm, sprinkle with manure on top, add a little ash.
During the frost period the layer is compacted. In the spring, planting material is laid in a trench and lightly sprinkled with soil.
Benefits: The trench saves the potatoes from frosts, retains moisture well, gives a high yield.
Under the hole
Recommended for growing under wells. prepare a plot in the fall: fertilize, mulch the soil. In spring, the tubers are planted by digging holes. With the help of a peg and cords create beds at a distance of 80 cm.
Germinated tubers are placed in the hole to a depth of 8-10 cm shoots up. It is recommended to top with compost and ash.
Advantage: The most popular and proven method.
Under the ridges
If the soil in the garden is clay or soil, then fit under the ridges. The height of the ridges is small - 20 cm, distance 80cm. Combs can be done with the help of agricultural engineering. Planting material is planted in the hollows located at the top of the ridges.
Benefits: Ability to use professional equipment and save time and effort.
The secret of planting to get a good big crop
To get a big harvest there are a few secrets:
- the best place to plant a vegetable is the southern slope without trees nearby;
- it is better to plant several varieties of potatoes at once;
- breeding produce sprouts;
- planted in warm soil, watering it with heated water.
How potatoes grow in the ground
Sprouted tuber is planted upward. After this, the sprout actively begins to grow and come to the surface. The root system continues to develop in the soil. On the roots of the roots begins to tie.
To supply the tubers with starch, flowers appear on the bushes. Root crops begin to grow in the soil, and when the green part of the plant begins to dry out and wither, you can dig potatoes.
Tips: how to grow more in a small area
Increase productivity regular weeding of vegetables. But you can not start weeding, if the potatoes have not yet risen! There is a risk of damaging the sprouts.
Separate methods of planting potatoes for a big harvest
In addition to the basic methods of planting potatoes, there are the following:
- mitlider method. It lies in the fact that the tubers are planted less often 45 cm wide at a distance of 1 meter. Tubers are planted in a checkerboard pattern;
- Dutch technology. Tubers are planted in high beds 45cm wide at a distance of 80cm. Fertilizers are also placed in the wells. In the process of leaving the soil is constantly mulched, watered and fed;
- Gulich method. The plot is divided into squares meter per meter. In the center of the squares, the ground is mulched and fertilized with compost. Then planted tuber sprout down, lightly sprinkled with soil.
After germination, earth is poured abundantly and this procedure is repeated four times. A hill should appear from the soil. The method affects the development of the root system.
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- Landing on Metlider
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- Dutch technology
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- Gulich method
If you follow all the above recommendations, you can significantly increase the yield. You have a rich harvest!